Fluid-operated tool.



C. B. RICHARDS. FLUID OEERATED TOL. AIPLIUATION FILED 1111.119, 190s.

Patented July 27, 1909.

C. 3. RICHARDS. FLUID OPERATBD TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED .TUIl-YQ, 1908.

'Eatented July 27, 1909.

- ZSHEETS-BHEBT 2.

lfll STATES PATENT QFFCE,

. A v n lCHARLES B. RICHARDS, or OLEvELANn, OHIO, Assis yon, Bv MEsNE AssieiiMEivTs, ro THE CLEVELAND noon DRILL COMPANY, OF Oifaviiiiiiivn,l Oiiio, ii oonro'ii'iifrion or euro,

` mitin-ernennen arcor... i

N o. 929,1 11. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented .Tilly 2'?, 1909.

iippiicaiiqii sie@ .niiy e, isos. sexisilvc. sagas@ l To all whom 'it may concern: n f Figurel, 9 is the y iston valve for controll' Be it known that I, CHARLES B. RICHARDS, the admission of, iluidto they cylinder 1 lQis a citizen of the United States, residing at the piston hammer, l1 is the strikingl anvil Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and adapted, to bear at, its front end against'the 1 5 State of Ohio, have invented certain new and rear end of the drill steel whichl extends 6p useful Improvements in Fluid-Operated I through the chuck 2, 12 is thel admission Tools, of which the following is a speciiicavalve for controlling the admission of, iiuid tion. .pressure both to t e valve chest'S and the The invention relates general to Huid I eed cylinder 5, 13 is ahandleby means of ,operated tools and more articularly to fluid which the drill may be' rotated, bach vand 6,5 operated drills. It has /or some of its riforth about its axis as the cutting ro resses, mary objects; the provision of, new and iniand 1.4? is avswivel bloclr or bo y through proved valve mechanism; the provision ci any which an operating fluid is admitted and arrangement whereby' a free exhaust is se- Which carries` a` ho er tor supplying ubrif i5 cured on the forward stroke of the piston cant. '1Q

hammer anda maximum velocity in the for# The, moansl for fastening the chuck and ward movement of the. iston hammer, @ouf head securely to the cylinder constitutes one pledwithaquickreturnt ereoi; theprovision of theieaturfcs, of my inyentlQn. As mdk.

of improved means for securing tie chuck cated in Figure 1, the holding rods l pass 2o and cylinder head imposition. These andV through flanges on the head, cylinder and il? other objects which will .a pear to those chuck, and are provided at their front. ends skilled in the art are secured hy mycostrucwith heads 15, between which'heads, andJ the tion, which is 'illustrated'in its preferred forni flange oi the chuck the s rings 16,. are inter. inthe accompan ing drawin's, wherein;` posed. The rear kends o' the rodsare pro- 25, Figure 1 is a p an view oi t e drill, vided with the square nuts 1?.' which are prelll 1 Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through vented from turning bymeans 0 the lugs/18;.. the drill, The rods are prevented from turning by Figure 3 is an enlarged partial longitudinal means ot the hexagonal nuts 19 and the ins section with the valve and other Operating terposed spring Washers 20, ln order to parts in one extreme position, increase the tightness oi the Joint between Figure l is a view similar to that of Figure the clinch and c luider and between the head 3, but with the valve and other operating land cylinder, tie engaging surfaces 2i. and.;

parts iii their other extreme osition, y are tapered. taper further ro-l Figure 5 is an end view oi the drill, and videsfor a tight jouit at tliepoints etw .ch Figure 6 is a section on the line X-X of the air passages cross the Joint. 8@

Figure 3. l A The teed cylinder '5 is screw threaded to The embodiment in whiclithe invention is the head 3 and is securedjin position by illustrated constitutes what is known as a means of the tapered 1111128. Arpair of pas-v "stoping drill, which drills are commonly sages 44 and 45 iii the head 3 .lead res ccplaced in a vertical osition orvat such an tively to the valve'mecl'ianism and the -ed. 96 angle to the horizontales will permit the 'rock c luider and'iiuid is supplied 'thereto through cuttings to fall from the hole being drilled. t e hollow plug 2.9 an 'the hollow stem 37 of It will be understood, however, that the inthe rotary controlling valve l2, which valve vention is-not limited to drills of this particuis operated bly means ot a. handle 3 8 and is 45 lar type and thatinany or the features of inhel yielding y by means of 'the yspring pin M20, vention are of broad application and are\ 42 in any desired position.

limited in scope only by the terms of the .The passage 4 4 communicates directly claims. with a groove 49, in the valve chamhl r, and Referring first to the general arrangement this groove t9 communicates wit the of arts as shown'in Figures l and 2, 1 is the grooves 50 and 51 on eitherside thereof, de- 105 cy inder, 2 is the chuck, 3 is the head Which pending u on the ,osition of the iston `is secured to the chuck by means ofthe rods valve 9, igure 3 -ustrating the v a ve 11i 4, 5 is the feed cylinder provided with the suchpositionthat the groove 49 is in compiston 6 carryin the center 7, 8 is the valve munication with the groove 5 0, while Figur-f cliest bolted to 51e cylinder 1 as indicated in ,4 illustrates the parts in such position. that llo' 51. The grooves through the passage 53,

' admission and the groove 49 communicates withy the groove 50 and rcornmunicate respectively with the passages 52 and 53 leading to opposite ends of the cylinder, two passages 53 preferablyubeing used as indicated in Figure 10, W 'ch passagps gapen at 54 into the extreme front end of t e arged portion of the cylinder. The exhaust grooves 55 and 56 are provided onthe ,outside of the grooves 50 and "51. In the position shown in Figure 3 exhaust is occurringthe groove 51 and the groove 56, While with the arts in the position shown in Figure 4 ex aust is occurring through the passage 52, the groove 56 and the groove 55. It will be seen that the assages 52 and 53 alternately act as exhaust passages depending upon the' position of the piston valve 9. The front end of the piston cylinder is'reduced as indicated at 57 to receive the reduced front end 58 ofthe piston hammer 10, and exhaust occurs from this reduced portion 57 by means of the rearwardly extending exhaustpassage 59.- lhis arrangement gives a very free forward exhaust so that the hammer piston ioves forward at' a high velocity, and strikes a maximum blow u ion the anvil 1i.

The means Where 'y the valve 9 is operated constitutes another feature of my invention` The chamber at the rear ci' this valve `9 is connected to the piston cylinderby means of the passage 60 opening into the cylinder at 61. Exhaust from the chamber at this .end-of the valve takes piace through the small passage 62. Pressure is ap lied to the chamber at the front end oi' the valvev 9 through the passage than the passage 60.

63 which is smaller This passage 63 coinmunicates with a' passage 6e which into a groove 65 in the cylinder' wall. sure is supplied directly to this grdove 65 by means ot the passage 66 opening'. into the groove at 67 and into the passage 44 at 68, A small exhaust passa e 69 leads fromthe chamber at rthe front' o the valve 9- into the open chamber thereabove.'

` The operation of the valve mechanism is as follows. When the parts are in the position shown in Figure 3,- pressure is .f being admitted behind the' iston .10 tending to force it aheadg vAt this-time the valve 9is held in the pff-ities shawn b reason of the pressure adnitted to the c amber at the front endot' the valve 9 by means ofthe l. passage 66, groove 65 and passages 64 and 63; At this time lthereis practically7 no pressure tending direction 'for-'the reason thatg'the chamber atthe rear end'of the vali/eis cpnnected with at .the frontendotthe piston 1 0 from which practically all the pressure has been exhausted through the-passages 53 and' 59, and because of theA exhaust passage 62' which isalways open. The piston 1 'the openings 67 and 61.

y through the to force the valve'Q inthe opposite now moves forward successively uncovering I Cylinder pressure is thus admitted to the passages 64 and 60,

and because of. the large capacity of the' passage 60 as compared with. the passage 63 the ressure on the rear of the piston 9 prepon crates and the. valve is thrown to the position shown in Figure 4. .This movement 1opens' the passagev 52 'on the rear side ofthe piston 10 to the exhaust groove 55 and at the sanne time puts the passage in cornmunication' with the admission passage 44, so that the piston 'is driven to the rear. When' the rear end ci the piston 10 covers the passages 61 and 67 'Huid is admitted to the 4chamber at the front end of the valve 9 passages 66, 64 and 63,` and the valve is moved to the position shown in Figure 3, such movement occurring without resistance as substaci illy all Afluid pressure.

4has been exhausted from the chambers-t the rear or". the valve 9 vthrough the passages 60 and 62. The valve 9 is thrown when the piston 1()isstill some distance from the rear end of the cylinder in order that pressure may bc admitted through the passage 52 .to cushion the piston and prevent it striking the head 3. The parts are thus brought tov their starting positions. lt will be noted `that the reduced forward .end 58 ol' the pist on sol'y entirely leaves the reduced portion 57 of the cylinder, so that exhaust commences to occur on the .backstroke of the iiston 10 through the passage 59 as soon as t e part 58 passes out ot' the portion 57. -Thiscutting oil' of pressure on the front side of the piston combined with the throwing ot' the valveQ 'i to admitpressure upon the rear of the piston stops the rearward motion thereof` very suddenly. .A very rapid operation is thus secured as the piston 1() may he moved rearward ata very higl'i velocity', stopped suddenly and moved 'forward at' a velocity dus to 'the free exhaust, and this. is accomplished without unnecessary impact upon the operating arts.

The striking anvi 1i' is provided with a tapered shoulder 70 which 'fits against a oorresponding shoulder object attained being a tight 'litbetweeu the anvil and cylinder, so that no air passes through to the front of the drill. This is au advantageous arrangement'as a iiow of air. up about the drill steel is undesirable, in that it scatters the dust and dirt in such a way as to interfere with the .View of the oierator..

to permit of the discharge of any y ma work into the space between thechuckv for the reception of lthe drillis vmade in the crucirorm shape in Figure 5, so

against the-anvil 11.

on the cvlinder, tha

'A' passage 71 is provided in front of tv e anvil dirt which l surfaces for esegui the steel Yintoitlre `machine, so that no collar or'shoulder 'need be formed on the ydrill steel. In `operation tlfJ drill is turned baci; and forth vley means lof the handle 13, which rocking movement makes the drill steel cut out a round hole and prescrits the diiferent cutting points to `uncut portions of the rock. The .s rings i6 resting against the flange of the cliuck reduce the shock in case the anvil 11 strikes the oline-lr instead of the steel.

tltus described my invention and illustrated its use, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the ollowing:-

i. In combination with tile cylinder oi a fluid-operated tool provided With flanges at its opposite ends, a flanged chuck fitting one springs interposed betweentlie rods and theopposing on cacii ofthe screw-threaded ends of the rods, interposed spring means between each pair of nuts, and means for preventing the inner nut ol eacli pair from turnin In a Huid-operated tool, the combination 'v vitli'a cylinder and piston, of a valve for controlling the admission of fluid to the 'cylinder having pressure receiving surfaces to move it in opposite directions, means for intermittently applying a lower pressure than that initl'ie cylinder to one of the surfaces and nieans for appl ing a still lower pressure to the other of suc surfaces.

. 3. In e Huid-operated tool, tile combination witloy a cylinder and iston, of a valve for controlling the admission of cylinder haring a pair of l.pressure receiving moving tlie valve in opposite directions, eens for intermittently supplying fluid t'o one of tlie surfaces from the cylinder to move the valve in onedirection, and means for intermittently supplying fluid to l the other surface direct from the source of "controlling tlie admission ci `fluid supply direction.

4. ln e, uid-operated tool, tion with a cylinder and piston,

for moving tile `valve in the other the cojrnlixicfau of a valve for duid to. the cylinder having a pairgof pressure'receiving surfacesifor moving the 'vare `in opposite means for intermittently suppl fluid to one ofthe surfaces from tile the velvelin one direction lcontrolled by the pistonand .ineens for intermittently supplying fluid lto tlieiother surface. direct from the source of moving the valve in the other direction. l

5.' 'In a liuid-operated tool, the combination with a cylinder and pieton, ci' a valve ier controlling the admission of' V'duid to the 'vlinder having a pair ci pressure receiving Huid to thedirections,

y surfaces from the cylinder to duid supply for 'l supply ror moving the valve Inder faces for moving `the surfaces for moving the valve in opposite directions, means controlledby the piston for intermittently supplying uid to one of the surfaces from the cylinderv to move the valve in one direction, and means cont-rolled by the piston for intermittently supplying Huid to the other surface direct from the source of fluid supply for moving the valve in the other direction.

6. In a iluid-operated tool, the combina` With el cylinder and lpiston, of a valve for cylinder having a paiigof pressure receiving valve in opposite means controlled by the iston for intermittently supplying fluid at di Terent rates ci flow to bot surfaces from the cylinder whereby the valve is moved in one direction and means controlled by the piston for intermittently supplying fluid to one surface for moving the direction.

, 4.sure receivin surfaces for moving the valve in opposite giroctions, means `controlled by' the piston for intermittently supplying fluid at different rates of ilow to both surfaces from the cylinder whereby the valve is moved in one direcn tion and means controlled by the piston for intermittently su plying `fluid direct from the source of iiuidp su ply to one surface for moving the' valve in t e other direction.'

8. In a fluid-o erated tool, the combination with a c lin er and piston, of a 'valve'lor controlling-t e admission of luid to the eylhaving a pair of pressure receiving surfaces for moving the valve in o posite direcmeans for intermittent y su to nieve the valve in one direction, meansf .intermlttentl y supplying duid to the other surface directirom the source o fluid sup 'ly for movingftlie valve and means ifor continuously fluid supplied to the surfaces.

9 ln a -luid-o )erated tool, the combination with a cylin erfand piston, of a valve for eont'rollingrthe admission of liuid to the cyl'- inder having a pciof pressure receiving survalve in opposite directiene, means controlled oy 'the piston for in` tcrrnittently supplying fluid toA one of the` move the valve inone" direction, means controlled bythe piston for intermittently supplying duid to the ot r surface direct from the source of fluid in the other direction, and. means for eontirilously' exhausting the liuid supplied to the surfaces.

l0, in a fl tion with a cylinder and. piston, of a valve for controlling tlie admission yof fluid toitlie cylvalvein the other relying. i d to one of the surfaces 'from the cylinderl uid-operated tool, the combine.-

of flow to inder having a pair of pressure receiving surfaces for moving the valve in opposite directions, means controlled by the iston for intermittentl surfaces from the cylinder wherebyfthe valve is moved in one direction, means controlled by the piston Af orinterinittently supplying fluid direct from the source` of fluid su ply to one surface for moving the valve in t e other direction, landfmeans for continously exhausting the fluid supplied to the surfaces. i f f 11. The combination with a lluid-o erated tool having a piston, a cylinder there or,I4 and a valve chamber carrying a valve for controlling theadmission of fluid to the cylinder, of means for reciprocating the valve comprising two passages of different capacity connected t0 the valve chamber at opposite ends of the valve and -to the cylinder and having the ends communicating with the cylinder so arranged that both such ends are uncovered to secure the shifting of the valve in one direction as the piston approaches the end-i its stroke,

and both of such ends are covered 'Sand one two passages of diteren't capacity connected to the valve chamber at opposite ends of the valve and to the cylinder, and a third pas*- sage leading from the source of liuid supply y to the cylinder and adapted to beplaced in '40 communication With the passage of smaller 4 `Qapacity when the piston covers both of their openings to the cylinder, theopenings of t ie first two passages into the cylinder being so arranged thatA both of such openings are uncovered as the piston approaches one end of oth vof such openings closed its stroke and as the piston approaches the other end of its stroke.

. 13. The combination with a fluid-operated y tool having a piston, a cylinder therefor, and

a valve chamber carrying a valve for controlling the admission of l'luid to the cylinder, of means for 'reciprocating the valve comprising two passages of different capacity connected to the valve chamber at opposite ends ofthe valve and to the cylinder, a groove in the cylinder Wall communicating With the passage of smaller A capacity anda third passupplying Huid at ie'rent rates ot sage leading from the source of Huid supply tothe groove, theo enings of the first two passages into the cy der being so arranged that both of such o enings are uncovered as the piston approaches one end of its stroke and both of such openings closed as the piston ap roaches the other end of its stroke.

14. ilhe combination with aluid-o erated tool having a piston, a cylinder there or, and ayalve chamber carrying a 'valve for controlling the admission of fluid to the cylinder, oi' means for reciprocating the valve comprising tvvo passages of dilierent capacity connected to the valve chamber at opposite ends of the valve .and to the cylinder, a third passage leading from the source ol fluid supply tothe cylinder and adapted to be placed in communication with the passage of smaller capacity 'when the piston covers both of their openings to the cylinder, the openings of the first two passages into the cylinder being so arranged that both of'such openings are uncovered as the piston approaches one end of its stroke and both of such .openings closed as the piston approaches the other end of its stroke, and exhaust passages leading4 fron'i the ends of the valve chamber.

l5. In combination in a fluid-operated tool provided with a cylinder and a hammer piston therein, of passages connected to opposite ends of the cylinder, valve mechanism comprising a valve chamber, ports leading to the passages, and a reciprocatory valve provided intermediate its ends with conf trolling means for 'the ports for alternately admitting luid to the `said passages and alternately permitting an exhaust thereirom, and means for reciprocating the valve, comprising a passage oi small capacity eontrolled by the piston and lalternatelyestablishing communication between the cvlinder and the chamber at one end ci' the va. ve and between a direct source o'l" fluid supply and such chamber and a passage of larger capacity extending from a point intermediate the ends of the cylinder to the chamber at the other end of the valve, in position to be uncovered by the hammer as it approaches the end oi its stroke, and continuous open e);lhaust passages leading from the valve chamber at each end of the valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto ico signed my name in the presence of the two y subscribed Witnesses,

CHARLES B. RICHARDS.' Witnesses:

GEO. H. HALL, F. W. GREVE. 

